Titanium Silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolite catalyst is a titanium-containing molecular sieve with an MFI framework topology. Highly dispersed Ti active centers are uniformly embedded within the silicalite framework, creating well-defined redox sites responsible for its remarkable oxidation performance. TS-1 also has a three-dimensional channel system composed of intersecting 10-membered ring pores with a pore aperture of approximately 0.55 nm.
TS-1 zeolite catalyst is structurally analogous to ZSM-5 but distinguished by the isomorphic substitution of framework Si⁴⁺ sites with isolated tetrahedrally coordinated Ti⁴⁺ species. The purely siliceous, hydrophobic nature of TS-1 further enhances its selectivity in aqueous oxidation systems by limiting non-productive adsorption of polar by-products.
TS-1 zeolite has achieved widespread success in several key oxidation processes. For example, the epoxidation of light olefins, especially the hydrogen peroxide to propylene oxide (HPPO) process; the hydroxylation of aromatic compounds such as benzene to phenol; the ammoximation of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanone oxime; and other selective oxidation applications.
From a catalytic perspective, the performance of TS-1 zeolite catalyst is strongly influenced by the nature and accessibility of the isolated Ti sites, diffusion of reactants within the microporous channels. TS-1 catalyst’s high activity and selectivity stem from the formation of titanium-peroxo intermediates, which facilitate oxygen transfer under mild reaction conditions. It represents a landmark development in heterogeneous oxidation catalysis, combining the structural precision of zeolite frameworks with highly active, isolated titanium centers.
| Crystal Type | TS-1 |
| Apprearance | White powder |
| Crystal Structure | MFI |
| Pore Size(nm) | 0.56~0.58 |
| Crystal Size(μm) | 0.2~10 |
| BET Surface Area(m2/g) | >380 |
| SiO2/Ti2O2(mol/mol) | 30~70 |
| Na2O(wt%) | ≤0.1 |
* Petroleum Oxidation Catalyst
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